Emotions are critical aspects of mental health. Although conventional treatments for emotional disorders are generally effective interventions, many people still suffer from residual emotional distress, such as anxiety, depression, and anger problems. Moreover, contemporary treatments that have focused primarily on negative affect rarely leads to lasting improvements in positive affect, quality of life, and happiness.  Recent scientific evidence and theoretical models of emotions can enrich the therapeutic strategies when treating emotional disorders. These strategies range from adaptive and flexible intrapersonal and interpersonal emotion regulation strategies to various mindfulness-based practices. In the case of anxiety disorders, modern emotion theories clarify the mechanism of exposure procedures and the role of avoidance strategies. These insights can inform the treatment for emotional disorders.